Presented in this paper are examples of the use of CIRCE for optical performance calculations for both faceted and continuous parabolic dishes. The current version of the code is restricted to the analysis of reflector systems which have flat rectangular or circular targets. CIRCE may be used to analyze reflectors that are spherical, parabolic, or flat in shape and are either continuous surfaces or faceted. In CIRCE, the concentrator errors are convolved with the solar intensity profile (sunshape) to produce the flux-density distribution more » on a specified target plane. CIRCE was developed with the objective of providing knowledgeable users with an easily used design tool which does not require a large investment of time to obtain results. CIRCE, an acronym for Convolution of Incident Radiation with Concentrator Errors, was developed from HELIOS, a large multipurpose cone optics computer code for the analysis of central solar receiver systems. In this paper a computer simulation code called CIRCE is discussed and examples of its application to several point-focus concentrating collector geometeries are presented. Some of the modeling in HELIOS and samples of results are described. Several output choices are available, including graphical display of flux density distributions, of shadowing and blocking and of sunshape. Nondeterministic factors such as sun-tracking errors and facet-surface errors are described statistically and combined with the sunshape by numerical convolution. Measured angular-distributions of incoming photons (sunshapes) and effects of aureole scattering are incorporated. more » Atmospheric attenuation effects are included. HELIOS calculates the ''sun position'' and uses it to establish alignment geometries. Comparisons of HELIOS results with measurements have given good agreement. HELIOS has been used extensively to analyze questions on safety, performance, design trade-offs, and tower protection engineering. The problem has individual subroutines for each task in order to incorporate options for a variety of facet shapes, heliostat designs, field layouts, and tower-receiver apertures, and to facilitate additions and code improvements. The HELIOS computer code calculates the power concentrated by a field of individually guided heliostats and the resulting flux density (watts/cm/sup 2/) falling upon an arbitrary target grid.
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